Basic Electronic

Buy software https://www.gamesdeal.com/win-10.html?a_aid=yahooshoppingen

Calculate Voltage Drop in series circuit

Source voltage = 12 Volt
Resistors arrange in series = 110 Ohm, 330 Ohm, 560 Ohm

So total resistance

Rt = R1 + R2 + R3
Rt = 110 + 330 + 560 = 1000 Ohm (1 KOhm)

Therefore total current

I = V/R where I Total Current, V Voltage, Total Resistance
I = 12 V/1000 Ohms
I = 0.012 Amp or 12 mA

So we have:

Rt = 1000 Ohm or 1 KOhm
It = 0.012 Amp or 12 mA

Calculate voltage drop

First Method

Vr1 = Ir1 x R1 = 0.012 Amp x 110 Ohm = 1.32 volt drop
Vr2 = Ir1 x R2 = 0.012 Amp x 330 Ohm = 3.96 volt drop
Vr3 = Ir1 x R3 = 0.012 Amp x 560 Ohm = 6.72 volt drop
So total voltage drop = 1.32 + 3.96 + 6.72 = 12 volt same as total source

Second Method

Vr1 = (R1/Rt) x Vt = (110/1000) x 12 = 1.32
Vr2 = (R2/Rt) x Vt = (330/1000) x 12 = 3.96
Vr3 = (R3/Rt) x Vt = (560/1000) x 12 = 6.72

So total voltage drop = 12 Volt

---

Ohm's Law

Voltage = Current x Resistance [V = I x R]
Current = Voltage / Resistance [I = V / R]
Resistance = Voltage / Current [R = V / I]

---

Diode bridge rectifier to allow current flow in clockwise or anti-clockwise direction

Measuring Internal Resistance

Measuring Internal Resistance of Batteries - It's important to understand the internal resistance of batteries because it determines how much current (amp) it can draws. Old batteries for example have high internal resistance compared to brand new batteries. As a result when load is apply to the old battery the voltage will drop drastically compare to the brand new batteries

Quality Inductors

Characteristic you need to know about quality and efficiency performance of inductors are

1. Inductive reactance (resistance in Ohm) = XL = 2πfL
2. Current rating

High Performance Capacitors

Characteristic you need to know about quality and performance of capacitors

1. Low ESR capacitors (Equivalent Series Resistance)
2. Capacitance

Precision Resistors

1.